land-use maps: Line Drawings
language: Syntax, Identification of Significant Gaps...
Language Engineering Multilingual Action Plan, MLAP ET-10: Major Projects
language, context: Future Directions
language, corpus server: Review of the State...
language, engineering: Prospects, Future Directions, Identification of Significant Gaps..., Theoretical Issues:
language, generation: Future Directions, (more), Interaction Between Generation and...
language, generation system: Interaction Between Generation and...
language, ID: Overview, (more), Automatic Language Identification, Spoken Language, (more), Spoken Language, Written Language, Statistical Modeling and Classification, DSP Techniques, Spoken Language Corpora Activities
language, independent techniques: Future Directions
language, model: Defining the Problem, Language Modeling:, (more), Generation of Word Hypotheses, Trigram Language Model, Perplexity, Language Models, (more), Future Directions, Sentence Modeling and Parsing, (more), Grammars and Derivations, (more), Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech..., Spoken Language, Future Directions
language, of origin: Word Pronunciation
language, processing: High-level Linguistic Methods
language, processors: Future Directions
language, representation: Language Representation
language, sensitivity: Creation and Revision of...
language, understanding: Diagnostic Evaluation
Laplacian: Types of Hidden Markov...
large grammar: Future Directions
large vocabulary: Speech Processing
large vocabulary, connected speech recognition: Sentence Modeling and Parsing
large vocabulary, continuous speech recognition: The Successes and...
large vocabulary, speech recognition: Performance
large-scale text structure: Summarization, Relevant Disciplines
laryngograph: Spoken Language Corpora Activities
lattice: Generation of Word Hypotheses
lattice, -theoretic notions: Lexicons for Constraint-Based Grammars
lattice, word: Generation of Word Hypotheses
layout, analysis: Layout Segmentation
layout, segmentation: Layout Segmentation
layout, understanding: Document Image Analysis
LC: see Lambek calculus in this index
LCD: see liquid crystal display in this index
LDA: see linear discriminant analysis in this index
LDC: see Linguistic Data Consortium in this index
LD-CELP: see linear prediction, code-excited, low-delay in this index
LE: see language engineering in this index
learning: Training/Learning as Optimization, Future Directions
learning, automatic: HMM Methods in Speech...
learning, grammar from example sentences: Training/Learning as Optimization
learning, iterative: Types of Hidden Markov...
learning, methods: Future Directions
least mean square error: Connectionist Techniques
LE-MLAP: see Language Engineering Multilingual Action Plan in this index
lemma: Morphological Analysis, (more), Morphological Analysis, (more), Shallow Parsing
letter-based recognition methods: Handwritten Word Recognition
letters: see font in this index
letter-to-sound rules: Word Pronunciation
level of abstraction: Future Directions
lexical: Modality Integration: Speech and..., Identification of Significant Gaps..., Character Recognition
lexical, acquisition: Identification of Significant Gaps...
lexical, ambiguity: Lexicons for Constraint-Based Grammars, (more)
lexical, categories: Accentuation
lexical, choice: Future Directions, Usability and Interface Design
lexical, constraint: Text Interpretation: Extracting Information
lexical, coverage: Future Directions
lexical, data base, multilingual: see multilingual lexical data base in this index
lexical, database: Document Retrieval, Overview
lexical, decision: Modular Diagnostic Evaluation
lexical, dependencies: Remarks, Future Directions
lexical, exceptions: Accentuation
lexical, frequency: Integration
lexical, grammar: Remarks
lexical, information: Tokenization, Parsing by Finite State...
lexical, knowledge: Handwritten Word Recognition, The Lexicon as a...
lexical, knowledge acquisition: Statistical and Low-level...
lexical, lookup: Text Interpretation for TtS...
lexical, patterns: Task-Oriented Text Analysis Evaluation
lexical, polymorphism: Lexicons for Constraint-Based Grammars
lexical, selection: Significant Gaps and..., (more), Significant Gaps and...
lexical, stress: Future Directions, (more), Prosody
lexical, structure: Lexicons for Constraint-Based Grammars
lexical, tokens: Semantics
lexical, transcription: Syntax, Performance
lexical, transcription accuracy: Semantics
lexical, transducer: Morphological Analysis
lexical, valency: Future Directions
lexicographers: Future Directions, Review of the State...
lexicon: Character Recognition, Overview, Morphological Analysis, Lexicons for Constraint-Based Grammars, (more), Significant Gaps and..., Future Directions, Future Directions, Future Directions, Prosodic Phrasing, Text Interpretation: Extracting Information, Specific Software Environments Designed..., Overview, (more), Overview, Review of the State..., Identification of Significant Gaps..., Future Directions, (more), The Lexicon as a..., Future Directions, Character Recognition
lexicon, architecture: Types of Information
lexicon, construction: Overview, Future Directions
lexicon, large: Future Directions
lexicon, size: Character Recognition
Lexicus: The State of the...
LFG: see lexical functional grammar in this index
libraries: Review of the State...
LIG: see linear indexed grammar in this index
likelihood: Distance/Similarity-Domain Normalization, Maximum Likelihood and Related...
likelihood, scores: Spoken Language
limited frequency transfer: Objective Measures
limited functional flexibility: Future Directions
LIMSI: State of the Art
line curvature: A Model of the...
line drawings: Text Documents, Line Drawings
linear, dimension reduction: ANNs and Feature Extraction
linear, interpolation: Trigram Language Model
linear, order: State of the Art
linear, prediction: Overview, Primitive Acoustic Features
linear, prediction, code-excited: see code-excited... in this index
linear, prediction, perceptual: see perceptual linear prediction in this index
linear, predictive coding: Systems
linear, regressive analysis: Prosody Control
Lingstat: Evaluation of Machine Translation...
LinguaTech: Environments for Independent Professional...
linguistic: Overview, Representations of Space and..., Overview, High-level Linguistic Methods, Interdisciplinary Research, Terminology Management
linguistic, analysis: Future Directions
linguistic, based: Document Retrieval
linguistic, competence: Statistical and Low-level..., (more)
linguistic, constraint: Language Models, Future Directions, Text Interpretation: Extracting Information, (more)
linguistic, context: Future Directions, High-level Linguistic Methods
linguistic, convergence: Usability and Interface Design
linguistic, coverage: High-level Linguistic Methods
linguistic, data: Representations of Space and...
linguistic, departments: Overview
linguistic, description: Interdisciplinary Research
linguistic, knowledge: Overview, Future Directions
linguistic, methods: Summarization
linguistic, motivated analyses: Future Directions
linguistic, parameter specifications: Text Interpretation for TtS...
linguistic, resources: Overview, (more), Overview
linguistic, rules: Hidden Markov Model Methodology
linguistic, structure: Overview: Discourse and Dialogue, Identification of Significant Gaps...
linguistic, theory: Medium-term Prospects
linguists: Finite State Technology
lingware: MT for Diffusion Purposes
link grammar: Future Directions
linked letter tree: Morphological Analysis
lip, model: Modality Integration: Facial Movement...
lip, reading: Integration of Multiple..., Future Directions
lip, -sync: Modality Integration: Facial Movement...
literate: Statistical Modeling and Classification, Quantization
LKB: see lexical knowledge base in this index
Lloyd-Max optimum quantizer: Class Conditional Density Functions
LM: see language model in this index
LMT: MT for Diffusion Purposes
local densities: DSP Techniques
localization: (Human-Aided) Machine Translation: A...
locations: Text Interpretation: Extracting Information
locutions: Significant Gaps and...
log: Feature Extraction
logic: Basic Notions of Semantics, High-level Linguistic Methods
logic, deduction: High-level Linguistic Methods
logic, equivalence: Logical Equivalence:
logic, form: Syntactic Generation, State of the Art, Logical Equivalence:
log, likelihood: Word Pronunciation
log, magnitude domain: Minimum Mean Square Error...
log, -normal curve: A Model of the...
LOGOS: MT for Diffusion Purposes
Logos system: Evaluation of Machine Translation...
log, spaced array: Microphone Arrays
log, spectrum: Cepstral High-pass Filtering:, Feature Extraction
long distance, bigram: Improved Language Models
long distance, communication: The Continuing Need for...
long distance, dependencies: Unification-based Grammars
loops: DSP Techniques
low bit rate digital communication: Vocoders and Waveform Coders
LPC: see linear predictive coding in this index
LR: see parsing, left-to-right, rightmost derivation in this index
LRE: see Linguistic Research and Engineering in this index
LRE, DELIS: Major Projects
LRE, ONOMASTICA: Spoken Language Corpora Activities, Spoken Language Corpora
Luhn's auto-extract: Summarization
luminance: Image Compression and...
LV-CSR: see large vocabulary continuous speech recognition in this index
Go back: HLT Survey Cover Page